In a groundbreaking study published in ‘Heliyon’, researchers have unveiled a comprehensive approach to address the pressing issues of water scarcity and energy shortages in Egypt through a hybrid renewable energy system. Led by Ibrahim Elsayed from the Electrical Engineering Department at Al-Azhar University, the research focuses on optimizing the integration of solar and wind energy to power seawater desalination processes across four strategic ports in Egypt.
The study proposes a fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision-making model designed to determine the optimal sizing of a hybrid photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy system, coupled with energy storage solutions. This model aims to enhance the efficiency of reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants, which are crucial for increasing freshwater availability in a country where water resources are dwindling. “Our approach not only aims to meet the electric load requirements but also ensures that the system is economically viable and environmentally sustainable,” Elsayed stated.
The researchers conducted a thorough analysis of various renewable energy resources, calculating the cost of electricity (COE) and identifying the most effective configuration for the hybrid system. The optimal design includes 16 wind turbines, a substantial photovoltaic array, and a robust energy storage system, resulting in a net present cost (NPC) of approximately $908,046, a COE of $0.091 per kWh, and an impressive payback period of just 1.1 years. This configuration promises a 100% renewable energy system, setting a benchmark for future projects.
What sets this research apart is its holistic approach to sustainability. Unlike previous studies that focused narrowly on specific locations or single objectives, Elsayed and his team considered a range of factors, including technological feasibility, cost-effectiveness, emissions reduction, and socio-political implications. This comprehensive framework provides decision-makers with valuable insights into addressing the dual challenges of energy and water scarcity in Egypt.
As Elsayed points out, “The integration of fuzzy logic and decision-making techniques allows us to account for uncertainties and variables that are often overlooked in traditional models.” This innovative methodology not only enhances the reliability of the system design but also empowers stakeholders to make informed choices that can lead to sustainable development.
The implications of this research could be transformative for the water, sanitation, and drainage sector in Egypt and beyond. By demonstrating the feasibility of hybrid renewable energy systems for desalination, the study opens the door to scalable solutions that can be adapted to various regions facing similar challenges. As countries around the globe grapple with climate change and resource depletion, this research could serve as a pivotal reference point for future development in renewable energy integration.
For more information on this research and its implications, you can visit the Electrical Engineering Department at Al-Azhar University. The findings not only contribute to the academic discourse but also offer a practical roadmap for decision-makers aiming to tackle water and electricity shortages effectively.
