The aquaculture industry has become a cornerstone of economic growth and food security in China, yet its rapid expansion has brought about significant environmental challenges, particularly in the form of nitrogen-rich wastewater. New research led by YOU Kun from the School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, sheds light on innovative strategies for total nitrogen removal from aquaculture wastewater, a pressing issue that could reshape practices within the water, sanitation, and drainage sector.
As highlighted in the study published in the journal ‘能源环境保护’ (Energy and Environmental Protection), the current methods predominantly employed in aquaculture largely focus on aerobic biological treatment, which effectively removes ammonia nitrogen but often neglects the accumulation of nitrate. This oversight can lead to detrimental effects on fish growth and overall aquatic health, ultimately affecting the productivity of the industry. “We need to transition from traditional water exchange methods to more sustainable practices that ensure both water conservation and effective nitrogen removal,” YOU Kun emphasizes.
The research delves into biological denitrification technology, a promising solution that offers green environmental protection while being economically viable. Denitrification not only addresses the nitrogen pollution issue but also aligns with the growing demand for sustainable aquaculture practices. The study introduces advanced techniques such as aerobic denitrification and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, which could revolutionize how aquaculture operations manage wastewater.
Key factors influencing the efficiency of these processes, including the role of functional microbial populations, are thoroughly analyzed. This could lead to the development of cutting-edge technologies that are both cost-effective and efficient, ultimately supporting the sustainable growth of the aquaculture industry in China. “By optimizing these biological processes, we can enhance the resilience of aquatic ecosystems while also boosting the economic viability of aquaculture,” says YOU Kun.
The implications of this research extend beyond environmental benefits; they signal a shift in how the water, sanitation, and drainage sectors can innovate to meet regulatory demands and consumer expectations for sustainability. As aquaculture continues to thrive, the integration of advanced wastewater treatment technologies could become a critical component of operational strategies, ensuring that economic growth does not come at the expense of environmental health.
This study not only provides a roadmap for improving nitrogen removal from aquaculture wastewater but also serves as a catalyst for broader discussions on sustainable practices within the industry. As the aquaculture sector faces increasing scrutiny over its environmental impacts, research like that of YOU Kun and his team will be vital in steering the industry toward a more sustainable future.
