A recent review published in ‘Discover Water’ sheds light on the alarming state of water quality in the twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Conducted by Kashaf Waseem from the Department of Environmental Science, Quaid-I-Azam University, the study spans two decades, revealing severe microbial and heavy metal contamination that poses significant risks to public health.
The findings are stark: both cities exhibit high levels of total coliform, fecal coliform, and E. coli, indicating a critical risk of waterborne diseases. “Our results show that water treatment processes are failing to eliminate these harmful contaminants,” Waseem states, emphasizing the inefficiency of conventional water treatment infrastructure. The review also highlights that heavy metal contamination, particularly arsenic and lead, is notably worse in Rawalpindi, largely attributed to industrial discharges.
Seasonal fluctuations in contamination levels are another major concern, with increases during the monsoon season due to sewage overflows and agricultural runoff. This pattern not only underscores the vulnerability of water sources but also indicates a systemic failure in managing urban water quality.
The public health implications are dire, with outbreaks of diseases such as Hepatitis E frequently reported in both urban and peri-urban areas. This situation calls for urgent action from policymakers and stakeholders in the water, sanitation, and drainage sector. “There is a critical gap in applying Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) and other emerging technologies to address persistent contaminants,” Waseem notes, highlighting the need for innovative solutions to tackle heavy metals and microbial pollutants.
The review advocates for significant upgrades to existing infrastructure and the implementation of stringent water quality standards. It also emphasizes the necessity of continuous monitoring and enforcement of regulations to ensure safe drinking water. The implications for the water sector are profound; as cities grapple with rapid population growth and industrialization, the demand for effective water treatment solutions will only escalate.
As the water, sanitation, and drainage industry faces these challenges, the research positions itself as a catalyst for change. By encouraging the adoption of advanced treatment technologies and improved regulatory frameworks, this study could shape future developments in urban water management. The insights provided by Waseem and his team serve as a clarion call for a comprehensive reevaluation of water quality strategies in Pakistan, ensuring that public health is prioritized in the face of ongoing environmental challenges.
This critical research, published in ‘Discover Water’, not only highlights the urgent need for action but also opens doors for innovation and investment in the water sector, paving the way for a healthier future.
