The Mazhilis of Kazakhstan has just adopted a new Water Code, marking a significant shift in the country’s approach to water management. This legislative overhaul is not just a bureaucratic update; it’s a bold step towards addressing the pressing challenges of water scarcity and environmental degradation. The new code is a direct response to the instructions and tasks set by the Head of State, focusing on reforming the water industry through improved legislation, industry strengthening, tariff policy regulation, and the introduction of water-saving technologies.
One of the most groundbreaking aspects of the new code is the enshrinement of the concept of “environmental flow.” This concept mandates that a certain volume of water must remain in water bodies to ensure their conservation. This is a game-changer, as it prioritizes the health of ecosystems over unrestricted water use. As El.kz reports, citing the press service of the Mazhilis of the Republic of Kazakhstan, “Now the limits of water use for sectors of the economy will be calculated within the volume of water remaining after the determination of the ecological flow.” This shift could set a new standard for water management, not just in Kazakhstan, but globally.
The code also introduces innovative approaches to water sourcing. Rainwater, meltwater, treated wastewater, and desalinated saltwater are now recognized as alternative sources of water. This recognition could spur investment and innovation in technologies that harness these sources, reducing the strain on traditional water supplies. Moreover, the code mandates that obtaining a permit for special water use will require a plan to reduce water losses and introduce water-saving technologies. This provision could drive significant improvements in water efficiency across various sectors.
The transition to a system of recycled or repeated water supply is also envisaged. This move towards a circular water economy is a progressive step, aligning Kazakhstan with global trends in sustainable water management. It challenges the traditional linear model of water use and disposal, encouraging a more responsible and efficient use of this precious resource.
The new code also includes a ban on subsoil use operations on surface water bodies, with exceptions only for exploration or production of hydrocarbons in the Caspian Sea. This ban is a strong statement against activities that could potentially harm water bodies, prioritizing environmental conservation over short-term economic gains.
The adoption of this new Water Code is a significant development in the water, sanitation, and drainage sector. It signals a commitment to sustainable water management, environmental conservation, and technological innovation. The code’s provisions could serve as a model for other countries grappling with similar water challenges. It also sets a high bar for the private sector, encouraging investment in water-saving technologies and sustainable practices. The true impact of this code will be seen in its implementation. However, the potential is clear: a more sustainable, efficient, and environmentally conscious water sector in Kazakhstan.
