In the arid landscapes of Iran, water is more than just a resource—it’s a lifeline. The country’s water transfer projects, which involve moving water from the sea to the plateau, have sparked intense debate among experts and stakeholders. This contentious issue is the focus of a recent investigation led by K Esmaili, a researcher at the Department of Water Science and Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
The study, published in the journal ‘آب و توسعه پایدار’ (Water and Sustainable Development), delves into the complex web of opinions surrounding water transfer projects. Esmaili and his colleagues conducted roundtable discussions and interviews, both in-person and virtual, to gather insights from various stakeholders. The findings reveal a stark divide in perspectives.
Critics of water transfer projects argue that the root cause of water scarcity is not being addressed. “The failure to implement sustainable development criteria before resorting to water transfer is a significant oversight,” says one expert. They contend that the focus should be on improving water management practices and reducing waste rather than transferring water from one region to another.
On the other hand, proponents of water transfer highlight the urgent need to address water scarcity, particularly in the drinking water sector. They point to the critical conditions that necessitate such projects, emphasizing the potential benefits for both urban and rural communities. “Water transfer projects can provide a lifeline to regions facing severe water shortages,” notes another stakeholder.
However, both sides seem to overlook a crucial question: Why has Iran reached this critical juncture regarding water resources? The study underscores the role of decision-makers in this situation and the lack of accountability within the system. Esmaili’s research suggests that a comprehensive review of water management policies and the implementation of sustainable practices could mitigate the need for large-scale water transfer projects.
The implications of this research extend beyond Iran’s borders. As water scarcity becomes a global challenge, the lessons learned from Iran’s experience can inform water management strategies worldwide. For the energy sector, which is heavily reliant on water for cooling and production processes, the findings are particularly relevant. Water transfer projects, if not managed sustainably, could exacerbate water scarcity and disrupt energy production.
Esmaili’s investigation serves as a call to action for policymakers and stakeholders to prioritize sustainable water management practices. By addressing the root causes of water scarcity and holding decision-makers accountable, countries can ensure a more secure and sustainable water future. The study, published in ‘آب و توسعه پایدار’, offers a nuanced perspective on water transfer projects and their potential impact on sustainable development. As the global water crisis deepens, the insights from this research could shape future developments in the field, encouraging a more holistic approach to water management.
