In the heart of Nigeria, a pressing issue is unfolding that could reshape the way communities and industries approach water management. A recent study published in *Discover Environment* (translated as *Exploring the Environment*) has shed light on the growing challenges of water availability in Iwo, Osun State, as climate variability takes its toll. Led by Timothy O. Ogunbode from the Environmental Management and Crop Production Unit at Bowen University, the research offers a stark warning and a roadmap for adaptation.
Over the past three decades, Iwo has experienced a significant decline in its net water surplus, a critical indicator of overall water availability. “The findings show a declining trend in net water surplus,” Ogunbode explains, “suggesting a gradual reduction in overall water availability in the area.” This trend is driven by irregular rainfall patterns, prolonged dry spells, and hydrologic droughts that now extend into April—two months longer than previously observed. For a region heavily reliant on rainfall for its water supply, these changes pose substantial challenges for sustainable domestic water management and agricultural productivity.
The implications for the energy sector are far-reaching. Water scarcity can disrupt hydropower generation, affect cooling systems in thermal power plants, and complicate the extraction and processing of fossil fuels. As Ogunbode notes, “These variations underscore the need for adaptive and climate-resilient water management strategies.” The study recommends integrated approaches, including soil water conservation, rainwater harvesting, increased water storage capacity, and improved surface water utilization. A key focus is the upgrading of the Aiba reservoir, Iwo’s primary but underutilised domestic water source, to enhance its efficiency amid declining rainfall reliability.
For policymakers in Iwo Local Government Area and Osun State, the study emphasizes the need to integrate climate data into local water governance, strengthen institutional capacity for monitoring water resources, and prioritize infrastructure investment and maintenance. “Implementing these measures will improve water security, promote efficient resource use, and align regional water management policies with Nigeria’s national and global sustainability goals,” Ogunbode asserts.
The research not only highlights the urgent need for action but also offers a blueprint for resilience. By adopting adaptive strategies and investing in infrastructure, communities and industries can mitigate the impacts of climate variability and ensure sustainable water management. As the energy sector grapples with the complexities of water scarcity, this study serves as a timely reminder of the interconnectedness of water, climate, and energy—and the critical role of proactive planning in securing a sustainable future.
Published in *Discover Environment*, this research provides a compelling case for integrating climate data into water management strategies, offering valuable insights for policymakers, industry leaders, and communities alike. As the world continues to grapple with the impacts of climate change, studies like this one will be instrumental in shaping future developments in the field.